Hazrat Imaam Sayyed Ja’afar al-Saadiq Biography
Hazrat Imaam Sayyed Ja’afar al-Saadiq rahmatullāhi alaihi :
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Alqaab :
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Saadiq (Truthful), Faazil (Virtuous), Taahir (Pure).
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Aap ki wilaadat 17 Rabi-ul-Awwal 83 Hijri (20 April 702 A.D.) ko Madeena me hui.
Aap ke waalid ka naam Hazrat Imaam Sayyed Muhammad al-Baaqir bin Imaam Zainul aabideen Sayyed Ali al-Aswat rahmatullāhi alaihi aur waalida ka naam Hazrat Umme Farwah, Faatima bint Hazrat Qaasim bin Muhammad bin Abu Bakr Siddeeq rahmatullāhi alaihi hai.
Aap Husaini saadaat hain.
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Aap ne apne daada Imaam Zainul aabideen aur waalid Imaam Muhammad al- Baaqir ke paas Qur’an aur Hadeeṡ aur Tafseer ki ta’aleem haasil ki.
Aap Hadeeṡ, Tafseer Fiq’h (Islamic jurisprudence), Falsafa (Philosophy), Ilm e kalaam (Theology), Ilm e Riyaazi (Mathematics), Ilm e Hai’at wa falaq (Astronomy), Ilme Tashreeh (Anatomy), Ilm e Keemiya (Alchemy) aur dusre uloom me maahir hue.
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114 Hijri (733 A.D.) me Aap apne waalide mohtaram ke intiqaal ke baad 31 baras ki umr me Imaam bane.
Aap Aa’imma e Ahle bait ke chhathe (6th) Imaam hain.
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Aap Masjid e Nabawi me ta’aleem wa tadrees karte the.
Aap ne Tijaarat (commerce), Miraaṡ [Wiraṡat] (inheritance) aur Zakaat aur dusre bahot saare masaa’il ke hal bataaye.
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Aap ka ilm, husn e akhlaaq, sakhaawat, saadgi aur ibaadat mash’hoor hai.
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Ek din kisi shakhs ki deenaar ki thaili kho gai to us ne Hazrat Imaam Ja’afar Saadiq rahmatullāhi alaihi par shak karke iljaam lagaate hue kaha “Meri thaili aap hi ne churaai hai.”
Aap ne us se puchha ke “Us me kitni raqam thi?”
Us ne kaha “2000 deenaar.”
Aap ghar ke andar tashreef le gaye aur 2000 deenaar laakar use de diye.
Baad me jab us shakhs ko us ki khoi hui thaili kisi dusri jagah se mil gai to us ne aakar pura qissa bayaan karke muafi maangi aur Aap se apni raqam waapas lene ki iltija ki. Magar Aap ne farmaaya ke “Hum kisi ko dekar waapas nahi lete.”
Phir jab us ko logo se Aap ka naam mubarak maaloom huwa to us ne behad nadaamat ka izhaar kiya.
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Ek baar Aap ne apne khaadim ko kisi kaam se bheja. Us ko waapas aane me bahot zyada der ho gai to aap us ko talaash karne ke liye nikle. Thodi door jaane par aap ne dekha ke woh khaadim ek maqaam par so raha hai aur use paseena ho raha hai. Aap use pankhe se hawa karne lage. Kuchh der baad jab woh jaaga aur Imaam ko pankha karte dekhkar sharminda hua. Aap ne us se kaha “Ghabhrao nahi. Magar ek baat yaad rakhna ki din ke waqt me kaam karna chaahiye aur raat ke waqt me sona chaahiye.”
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Ek baar Aap ne besh qeemati libaas pehna to ye dekhkar ek shakhs ne aap se kaha “Aye Aale Rasool! Itna qeemati libaas Ahle bait ko zeba nahi.”
Aap ne uska haath pakadkar aastin ke andar me rakha to us ne dekha ki aap ne neeche taat jaisa khurdara libaas pehna tha. Aap ne farmaaya “Yeh khalq ke liye hai aur woh khaaliq ke liye hai.”
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Ek martaba aap ne farmaaya “Ek Momin ke paas 4 cheeze honi chaahiye :
(1) Wasee (bada) ghar, (2) Achhi sawaari, (3) Achha libaas, (4) Aisa chiraagh jo us ke ghar ko roshan kar sake.”
Ek Shakhs ne arz kiya “Huzoor! Agar humare paas ye cheeze na ho to hum kya karen?”
Aap ne jawaab diya “Tum ne is ke zaahir ko dekha hai is ke baatin par gaur karo.
Wasee ghar se muraad Sabr hai, Behtareen sawaari insaan ki Aql hai, Sab se achha libaas Haya hai, Behtareen chiraag ilm hai jo Khuda ki bandagi wa ita’at sikhaata hai.”
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Aqwaal :
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Aap irshaad farmaate hain :
(1) Agar namaaz padhne se hum gunaah aur bure kaamo se baaz aa jaayen to yeh samjho ki hamari namaaz qubool ho rahi hai.
(2) Agar tum izzat chaahte ho to Narmi ikhtiyaar karo aur agar zaleel hona chaahte ho Sakht bano.
(3) Ghussa har burai ki jad hai. Ghussa aqlmand insaan ko bhi barbaad kar deta hai.
(4) 3 nek amal Dunya me aur aakhirat me faa’ida dete hain :
Jis ne tumhare saath bura kiya ho use maaf kar do, Jo tumhe chhod gaya hai use milte raho aur jab tumhare saath jahaalat bhara bartav kiya jaaye to sabr karo.
(5) Jo chala gaya hai (ganwa diya hai) us ke baare me lagaataar socha mat karo kyun ki us ke baare me sochna tumhare dimaagh ko us (ke baare me sochne) se hata deta hai jo milne waala hai.
(6) Jo cheez ALLĀH ta’ala se hataakar dusri cheezon me mashgool kare un ko baghair kisi afsos ke tark karne ko Zohad kehte hain.
(7) Kisi neki ko maamooli na jaano, ke wo hi ALLĀH sub’hān wa ta’ala ki khushnudi ka baa’iṡ ho sakti ho.
(8) ALLĀH se agar kuchh maangna hai to Narm zubaan maango.
(9) Jab ALLĀH ta’ala tumhe koi ne’amat ata farmae aur tum use hamesha baaqi rakhna chaahte ho to us ka shukr ada karo kyun ki shukr ada karne waale ko ALLĀH ta’ala zyada ata farmaata hai.
(10) Tama (laalach) insaan ko zaleel karti hai aur us ke yaqeen ko kharaab karti hai.
(11) Ek bhuke mo’min aur us ke ghar waalo ko khaana khilaana, jis ke paas pehanne ke kapde na ho use kapde pehnaana aur us ek chehre ko bhik ki zillat se bachaana ye 70 ghulaamo ko aazaad karaana aur 70 Hajj karne se bhi zyada ALLĀH ko pasand hai.
(12) Jo shakhs kisi dusre ki parda-daari karta hai ALLĀH ta’ala us ke ghar ke posheeda haalaat ki parda-daari karta hai.
(13) Intiqaam lene ki salaahiyat hone ke bawajood bhi apne ghusse par qaabu rakhna ek azeem Jihaad hai.
(14) 4 qism ke insaan ki sohbat se bacho :
[1] Jaahil, kyun ki woh apni jahaalat se museebat me daal sakta hai.
[2] Jhut bolne waala, kyun ki woh kabhi bhi dhoka de sakta hai.
[3] Bakhil aur Laalachi, kyun ki woh apne matlab ke liye tumhe nuqsaan pahuncha sakta hai.
[4] Bad-akhlaaq kyun ki woh museebat ke waqt tumhe madad nahi karega.
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Karaamat :
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(1) Ek martaba Aap Makkah mukarrama me ek gali se guzar rahe the. Aap ne dekha ki ek aurat aur us ke bache ro rahe the aur qareeb me ek gaaye murda padi thi. Aap ne us aurat se puchha ki “Tum aur tumhare bache kyun ro rahe hain?” Us ne kaha “Huzoor! Mera aur mere bacho ka guzaara is gaaye ke doodh par tha. Yeh mar gai hai aur hum isi museebat aur gham ki wajah se ro rahe hain.” Aap ne farmaaya “Kya tum chaahti ho ki ALLĀH ta’ala tumhari gaaye ko zinda kar de?” Aurat ne kaha “Mujh par museebat padi hai aur aap aisi baat kar rahe hain.” Imaam Ja’afar Saadiq ne Dua farmaai aur apne qadam se gaaye ko ek thokar maari aur woh zinda hokar khadi ho gai. Phir Aap tashreef le gaye.
(2) Abu Basheer bayaan karte hain ke “Main Madeena munawwara gaya hua tha. Ek din maine apni kaneez se sohbat ki aur ghusl ke liye jaa raha tha ki logo ka hujoom ek taraf jaate dekha to main bhi usi taraf chal diya, tamaam log Hazrate Imaam Ja’afar Saadiq ki baargaah me pahunchkar un ki ziyarat karne lage. Main bhi shaamil ho gaya. Jab Hazrat ki nazar mujh par padi to farmaaya ; Kya tumhe pata nahi ke Nabi aur nabi ki Aal ki baargaah me haalate janaabat me nahi aate?’ Yeh sunkar main hairaan reh gaya aur foran tauba ki aur aa’inda aisa na karne ka ahad kiya.
(3) Ek saahab ke dost ko Khalifa Mansoor ne qaid kar liya tha. Hajj ke mausam me maidaane Arafaat me us shakhs ki mulaaqaat Hazrat Imaam Ja’afar Saadiq se hui. Imaam ne us ke dost ke muta’alliq puchha. Us ne kaha “Huzoor! Woh abhi tak qaid me hai.” Aap ne dua ki. Phir ek ghante ke baad farmaaya ke “Khuda ki qasam. Tumhare dost lo aazaad kar diya gaya hai.”
Hajj se faarigh hokar jab woh shakhs waapas aaya to apne dost se puchha ke “Tumhari rihaai kis din hui?” Us ne kaha ‘Arafaah ke din jab Haaji log maidaane Aarfaat me hote hain usi din mujhe chhod diya gaya.”
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Pariwaar :
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Aap ki 2 biwiya aur 5 saahabzaade aur 3 saahabzaadiya hain.
(1) Bibi Faatima bint Husain Asram bin Hasan Muṡanna se
2 bete – Ismāeel al-Arij aur Abdullāh al-Aftaah.
(2) Hameeda Khaatoon se
3 bete – Moosā al-Kaazim, Muhammad al-Dibaaj aur Ali al-Uraizi.
3 betiya – Faatima, Umme Farwah, Asma.
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Aap ke shaagirdo me Imaam Abu Haneefa Nomaan ibn Ṡaabit, Imaam Maalik bin Anas, Hazrat Sufyaan al-Ṡauri, Hazrat Jaabir ibn Hayyaan, Qaazi Sukuni aur Qaazi Abul Bakhtari mash’hoor hain.
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Aap ko Hazrat Imaam Sayyed Mohammad al-Baaqir rahmatullāhi alaihi se ‘Alawi Husaini’ silsile ki aur Hazrat Qaasim bin Muhammad bin Abu Bakr Siddeeq rahmatullāhi alaihi se ‘Siddeeqi’ silsile ki Khilaafat mili hai.
Aap ke khulfa :
(1) Hazrat Imaam Sayyed Moosā al-Kaazim rahmatullāhi alaihi,
(2) Hazrat Khwaja Baayazeed Bastami rahmatullāhi alaihi.
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Umayya khalifa Hishaam ibn Abdul Malik ki hukoomat ke dauraan zulm ke khilaaf jab logo ne baghaawat karne ka faisla kiya to Aap ne un ko samjhaaya ki jung ke ilaawa dusra raasta ho to pehle woh aajmaana chaahiye.
Logo ne khalifa banaane ke liye kaha to Aap ne farmaaya “Mujhe hukoomat ki zaroorat nahi. Yeh tamaam mulk ALLĀH ta’ala ka hai aur mere liye ye kaafi hai ki ALLĀH ta’ala ne mujhe izzat aur logo ke dilo par hukoomat ata farmai.”
Umayya hukoomat ke khilaaf awaam ki jung me aap ke chacha Hazrate Zaid, Yahyā ibne Zaid aur dusre kai rishtedaar aur azeez shaheed hue aur ba’az ko giraftaar karke saza di gai.
Is ke baad Hishaam ne Imaam ko giraftaar karke Damishq me rakha.
132 Hijri (750 A.D.) me as-Saffah ne Marwaan ibn Muhammad ko haraakar Abbaasi hukoomat shuru ki.
as-Saffah ne Imaam ko giraftaar karke nazar qaid karke rakha.
136 Hijri (754 A.D.) me al-Mansoor baadshaah bana to us ne Saadaat se bughz ki wajah se Aap ki mehfil aur taqreer par nazar rakhna shuru kiya aur logo ko Aap se milne se rokne laga.
Phir Imaam ko giraftaar karke Samarra (Iraq) me nazar qaid karke rakha.
Phir kuchh arse baad Aap ko Madeena laaya gaya.
Aakhir me al-Mansoor ke hukm se Aap ko zeher diya gaya.
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Aap ka wisaal 15 Rajab 148 Hijri (14 December 765 A.D.) ko Jum’aa ke roz hua.
Aap ka mazaar Jannatul Baqi, Madeena munawwara me hai.
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ALLĀH ta’ala us ke Habeeb sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ke sadqe me
Aur Hazrat Imaam Sayyed Ja’afar al-Saadiq rahmatullāhi alaihi aur Ahle bait ke waseele se
Sab ko mukammal ishq e Rasool ata farmae aur Sab ke Eimaan ki hifaazat farmae aur Sab ko nek amal karne ki taufiq ata farmae.
Aur Sab ko dunya wa aakhirat me kaamyaabi ata farmae aur Sab ki nek jaa’iz muraado ko puri farmae.
Aameen.