Roza Aur Ramzan Ke Zaroori Masail
Table of Content
- Pahle Isay Padhye
- Istiqbaal-E-Maah-E-Ramzan
- Roze Ki Tareef Aur Types Of Roza
- Roze Ki Niyyat Ka Bayaan
- Roze Ki Niyyat Kab Tak Kar Sakte Hain?
- Roze Ki Niyyat Kaise Karenge?
- Makruhaat-E-Roza
- Kya Roze Ki Halat Me Miswak Karna Makrooh Hai?
- Roza Todne Wali Cheezon Ka Bayan
- Roza Me Qai(Ulti) Hone Se Kab Roza Tutega?
- Munh Bhar Qai Ki Taarif Kya Hai?
- Roza Nahi Todnay Wali Cheezen
- Kisi Rozadaar Ko Bhool Kar Khata, Pita Dekhen To Kya Hukm Hai?
- Wo Suratein Jin Me Sirf Qaza Laazim Hote Hain
- Kaffaare Ka Ahkaam
- Roza Nahi Rakhne Ki Ijaazat Ki Sooratain
- Jis Safar Me Roza Na Rakhne Ki Ijaazat Hai, Wo Kaunsa Safar Hai?
- Musaafir Ko Roza Na Rakhne Ki Ijaazat To Hai, Uske Liye Behtar
Kya Hai, Roza Rakhna Ya Na-Rakhna? - Hamal Waali(Yani Pregnent) Aur Doodh Pilaane Waali Ko Kab
Roza Chodne Ki Ijazat Hai? - Marz(Yani Bimaari) Ki Wajah Se Roza Chodne Ki Kab Ijaazat Hai?
- Mareez Ko Ghalib Gumaan(Yani Yaqeen) Kab Hoga?
- Halaakat)Mar Jaane) Ke Khauf Se Roza Chodne Ki Ijaazat Hai,
Iski Kya Soorat(Condition) Hogi? - ‘Ikraah’’ Ki Soorat Me Roza Chodne Ki Ijaazat Hai, Isse Kya
Muraad Hai? - Sheikhe Faani Ko Roza Chodne Ki Ijaazat Hai Isse Kya Muraad
Hai? - Aurat Ko Dauraane Roza(Yani Roza Ke Dauraan) Haiz(Yani
Maahwaari, Period) Aagaya, To Kya Hukm Hai? - Ek Roze Ka Fidiya Kitna Hai?
- Kisi Ne Nafl Roza Todaa To Kya Uski Bhi Qaza Zaroori Hai?
- Nafl Roza Rakhkar Todna Kaisa?
- Nafl Roza Todne Ki Kab Ijaazat Hai?
﷽-
Pahle isay padhye
Ramzan ul mubarak musalmanon ke liye Allah Rabbul
izzat ki taraf se ek azeem inaam(gift) hai, yeh har saal taqwa
aur taharat ka paigham lata hai aur apne qadr dano ke
gunahon ki bakhshish ka zarya banta hai, iss maah ke Roze
aur Taraaweeh do aysi azeem ibaadaten hain jise musalman
intihai shauq aur ihtemaam ke saath ada karne ki koshish
karta hai, lekin ibadaat ki adaegi ka tareeqa aur usse
muta’allique(related) zaroori masail se aagahi(janna), yeh
aisi baaten hain jisse bahut se musalman naa-waqif(anjaan)
hote hain aur intihai khuloos se ki gai ibaadaton me bhi
naawaqifii(nahi janne) ki wajah se khaamiyan aur kamiyan
rah jaati hain jo ibaadat ki rooh ke munaafi(yani khilaaf) hai,
balki baaz waqt to ibaadat hoti hi nahin, lihaja zaroori
maloom hua ki ramzan ul mubarak me ki jaane waali indo
makhsoos ibaadaton ke aham masaail log jaan jayen.
Is silsile me Tajushshariah Educational Society, Kolkata ke
araakeen aur mimbaraan ne Masaail E Ramzan Course ka ek
silsila shuroo kiya aur logon ne us me shirkat karke deen
sikhne ki koshish ki, chunke khitaab(taqreer) ki baaten zehno
me dyr tak nahi rah paati is liye zaroori mahsoos ki gayi k un
masaail ko kitaabi shakl de di jaye taake log ziyadah se
ziyadah istifadah kar(faida utha) saken. Saamen(litsener) me
aksar tadaad school, college ke students aur english janne
walon ki thi isi liye kitaab ki zabaan Roman English rakhi gai.
Is kitaab me maujood masaail kitaab Faizaane Farz Uloom
aur Bahare Shariat se liye gaye hain jo apne Topic se
mutaalliq(Related) aham(important) Chapter par
mushtamil(consist) hain.
Rabbe Qadeer ki bargah me dua hai ke woh is choti si
koshish ko hidayat ka zarya banae aur Tajushsharia
Educational Society, Kolkata ke araakeen aur mimbaraan ko
jazaae khair aur sehhat aur tandrusti ke saath ziyadah se
ziyadah khidmat e deen ki taufeeque ataa farmaye.
Aameen bijaahe Sayyidil Mursaleen Sallallahu Ta’aala Alaihi
wa Sallam.
Istiqbaal-e-Maah-e-Ramzan
Bayhaqi shobaliman me Hazrat Salman Farsi Radi
Allahu taala anho se Rawi, kehte hain Rasool Allah
sallallahu taala alayhi wasallam ney shabaan ke aakhir
din me waaz(Taqreer) farmaya. Farmaya : “Aye logo!
tumhare paas Azmat wala, Barkat wala mahina aaya,
woh maheena jis me aik raat hazaar mahino se behtar
hai, iske roza Allah taala ne farz kiye aur iski raat me
qayam(yani namaz parhna ) تطوع)yani sunnat hai) jo iss
me neki ka koi kaam(yani nafl ibadat) kare to aisa hai
jaisay aur kisi mahinay me farz ada kya aur isme jis ne
farz ada kya to aisa hai jaisay aur dinon me sattar(70)
farz ada kiye. Yeh mahina Sabar ka hai aur Sabar ka
sawab Jannat hai aur yeh maheena مواسات)yani
Ghamkhwari aur Bhalayii) ka hai aur is mahinay me
momin ka Rizq barhaya jata hai, jo isme roza daar ko
iftaar karaye, uss ke gunaaho ke liye mughfirat hai aur
iski gardan(yani neck) aag se azad kardi jayegi aur iss
iftaar karaane walay ko waisa hi sawab milega jaisa Roza
rakhnay walay ko milega baghair iske ke uss ke ajar me
se kuch kam ho[yani roza rakhne wale ko usko Roza ka
poora sawaab milega aur iske roza ka sawaab uss iftaar
karane wale ko bhi milega].” hum ne(yani Hazrat Salman
Farsi Radi Allah taala anho ne arz(yani Poocha) ki, ya
Rasool Allah ( azzwajal o sal Allah taala alayhi wasallam
)! hum me ka har shakhs woh cheez nahi paata, jis se
roza iftaar karaye? Huzoor (sallallahu taala alayhi
wasallam) ne farmaya: Allah taala yeh sawaab uss shakhs
ko dega, jo aik ghoont doodh ya aik khurma ya aik
ghoont pani se roza iftaar karaye aur jis ne roza daar ko
bhar pait khana khilaya, uss ko Allah taala Mere Hauz se
pilaaye ga ke (pine ke baad)kabhi piyasa na hoga yahan
tak-ke jannat me daakhil ho jaye. Yeh woh maheena hai
ke iss ka awwal(first 10 days) Rahmat hai aur is ka
ausat(middle 10 days) Maghfirat hai aur is ka
aakhir(Last 9 or 10 days) Jahannum se Azaadi hai jo
apne ghulam par iss Mahine me takhfeef kare yani kaam
(lene)me kami kere, Allah taala usay bakhash dega aur
jahannum se azad farma dega.
(Shob-al-imaan, Hadees Paak3608 bahawala Bahaar-e-Shariat, Jild 5, Page 960,)
Roze ki Tareef aur Types of Roza
Sawaal: Roze ki shar’ii taarif kya hai?
Jawaab:Musalmaan ka ba-niyyat ibaadat(yani ibaadat ki
niyyat se) subhe saadiq(yani Sahri ka time khatm hone
ke baad) se lekar ghuroob-e-aaftaab(yani sooraj[sun] ke
doobne) tak apne ko qasdan(yani jaan-boojh kar) khane
peene jimaa(yani husband-wife relationship) se
baaz(yani ruke) rakhna shar’an roza hai. (Fataawaa hindiyaah,
Kitaabus-Saum,al baabul awwal,jild 1,safa 194)
Sawaal:Roze ki kitne qisme hain ?
Jawaab:Roze ki panch qisme hain
❶Farz
❷Waajib
❸Nafl
❹Makrooh-e-tanzihi
❺Makrooh-e-tahrimi.
(Fataawaa hindiyaah,Kitaabus-Saum,baab-ulawwal,jild 1,safa 194, durr-e-mukhtaar wa radd-ul-muhtaar,Kitaabus-Saum,jild 3,safa
388 to 392)
Sawaal:Farz roze kaun se hain ?
Jawaab:Iski do qisme hain :
❶Farz-e- Muayyan jaisay adaa-e-Ramzan
❷Farz-e-Ghair Muayyan jaisay qaza-e-Ramzan . (Fataawaa
hindiyah,Kitaabus-Saum,al baab-ul-awwal,jild 1,safa 194)
Sawaal: Waajib roze kaun se hain ?
Jawaab: Iski bhi do qisme (types) hain :
❶Waajib-e-Muayyan jaisay nazr(mannat)-e-muayyan
❷Waajib-e-ghair muayyan jaisay nazr-e-mutlaq. (Fataawaa
hindiyaah, Kitaabus-Saum,al baabul awwal,jild 1,safa 194)
Sawaal: Nafl roze kaun se hain ?
Jawaab:
★Aashuraa yani dasween[10th] Muharram ka roza aur uske saath nauween[9th] ka bhi
★Har mahinae me terahween (13th), chaudhween(14th ), pandhraween (15th)
★Arafa (9 zul-hijjaa) ka roza
★Peer sharif (monday) aur jume’raat ka roza.
★Shash-eid ke roze(yani Eid-ul-Fitr ke baad Shawwal ke Mahina ka 6 Roza)
★Saum-e-Dawood alaihiss-salaam (Dawood alaihisssalaam iss tarah roza rakha karte thay) yani ek din roza ek din iftaar.
In me se kuch masnoon (sunnat) hain aur kuch mustahab(hai). (Fataawaa hindiyaah, Kitaabus-Saum,al baabul awwal,jild 1,safa 194)
Sawaal:Makrooh-e-tanzihi kaun se roze hain ?
Jawaab:Darja zail(following) roze makroohe tan zihi hai:
★Sirf hafte (Saturday) ke din roze rakhna .
★Niroz wa mehargaan (ghair muslim ke jashn ka
mauqaa) ke din roza
★Saum-e-dahar (yani hamesha roza rakhna )
★Saum-e-sakoot (yani aisa roza jis me kuch baat
na kare)
★Saum-e-wisaal ke, Roza rakhkar iftaar na kare aur
doosre din phir roza rakhe. (Fataawaa hindiyaah,Kitaabus-Saum,baabul
awwal,jild 1,safa 194, durr-e-mukhtaar wa radd-ul- mukhtaar,Kitaabus-Saum,jild 3,safa
388 to 392)
Sawaal:Makrooh-e-tahrimi kaun se roze hain?
Jawaab:Eid aur ayyam-e-tashriqa (10 zil hijjah se 13 zul
hijjah) ke roze. (Fataawaa hindiyaah, Kitaabus-Saum,al baabul awwal,jild 1,safa 194)
Allah ke Rasool aur Aakhri Nabi Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa
Sal lal lahu Alayhi wa Aalehi wasallam ne irshaad farmaya
ilm seekhne se hi aata hai, Fiqh ghaor o fikr se haasil hoti hai aur
Allah jisse Bhalayii ka iraada Farmata hai usay Deen ka Samajh boojh
ata farmata hai aur Allah se uske bando me wahi darte hain jo ilm
wale hain. (Al-Moajam Al-kabir, Hadis e paak 7312)
Roze ki Niyyat ka bayaan
Sawaal:Roze Ki niyyat kab tak kar sakte hain?
Jawaab:Adaa-e Roza-e Ramzan ,aur Nazr-e-muayyan
aur nafl ke rozon ke liye niyyat ka waqt ghuroob-eaaftaab(yani sunset) ke baad se zahwaah-e-kubraa yani
Nisf-un-Nahar-e-Shar’ii(yani zuhar se pehle makrooh
waqt) se pehle pehle tak hai iss poore waqt ke dauraan
aap jab bhi niyyat karlenge ye roze ho jayenge. (Durr-emukhtar wa raddul mukhtar,Kitaabus-Saum,jild 3,safa 392)
Adaa-e Ramzan aur nazr-e-muayyan aur nafl ke
ilawa baaqi roze maslan qaza-e-Ramzan aur nazr-eghair muayyan aur nafl ki qaza (yani nafli roza rakh kar
tod diya tha uski qaza) aur nazr-e-muayyan ki qaza aur
kaffaare ka roza aur tamattua ka roza (yani hajj tamattua
ke Dam ka roza) in sab me aiyn subah chamakte(yani fajr
start hote) waqt ya raat me niyyat karna zaroori hai. (Durre
mukhtar wa raddul mukhtar,Kitaabus-Saum,jild 3,safa 392)
Note:Din me wo niyyat kaam ki hai(yani valid) ke subhe-saadiq se (lekar) niyyat karte waqt tak roze ke khilaaf koi amr(yani kaam) na paaya gaya ho. Albatta agar subh-e-saadiq ke baad bhool kar kha-pi liya jimaa(yani hambistri) kar liya tab bhi niyyat sahi ho jayegi. Kyun ke bhool kar agar koi datt kar kha-pee le to isse roza nahi jaata. (Radde mukhtar, Kitaabus-Saum, baabe maa-yafsad-uss-saum wa maa-laayafsadaa, jild 3, safa 419)
Sawaal: Roze ki niyyat kaise karenge?
Jawaab: Niyyat dil ke iraday ka naam hai zabaan se
kehna shart nahi magar zabaan se keh len mustahib hai
agar raat me roza Ramzan ki niyyat kare to yun kahe
tarjuma: maine niyyat ki ke Allah ke liye iss Ramzan ka
farz roza kal rakhunga.
Agar din me niyyat kare to yun kahe tarjama: maine
niyyat ki ke aaj ke din Allah ke liye iss Ramzan ke iss
din ka farz roza rakhunga. (Jauhara-tun -Neerah, Kitaabus-Saum, safa 175)
Sawaal: Agar yun niyyat ki ke ‘’Kal kahin dawat hui to roza nahi aur nah hui to roza hai’’ to kya hukm hoga?
Jawaab: Agar yun niyyat ki ke ‘’Kal kahin dawat hui to roza nahi aur nah hui to roza hai” yeh niyyat Sahih nahi.Roza nah hua. (Fataawaa Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabul-awwal, jild 1, safa 195)
Sawaal: Raat me roze ki niyyat karne ke baad kha-pii liya to kya hukm hai?
Jawaab: Ghuroobe aaftaab(sunset) ke baad se lekar raat ke kisi waqt me bhi niyyat ki phir iske baad raat hi me khaya ya piya to niyyat nah tooti, wohi pehli hi kafi hai phir se niyyat karna zaroori nahi. (Jauhara-tun-Neerah, KitaabusSaum, safa 175)
Sawaal: Roze todne ki sirf niyyat karne se kya roza toot jayega?
Jawaab: Roze ke dauran todne ki sirf niyyat kar lene se
roza nahi tootega jab tak todne wali koi cheez nah kare.
(Jauhara-tun -Neerah, Kitaabus-Saum, safa 175)
Yani sirf ye niyyat karlen bas ab me roza tod dalta
hun to iss tarah uss waqt tak roza nahi tootega jab tak
halaq ke niche koi cheez na utaarenge ya koi aisa fayl
(yani kaam) na karenge jisse roza toot jaata ho.
Sawaal: Kya sehri khana niyyat me shumaar(count) hoga?
Jawaab: Sehri khana bhi niyyat hi hai khuwa(yani chahe)
Ramzan ke roze ke liye ho ya kisi aur roze ke liye magar
jab sehri khate waqt yeh iradah hai ke roza na rakhunga
to yeh sehri khana niyyat nahi. (Jauhara-tun -Neerah, Kitaabus-Saum,
safa 176)
Sawaal:Kya Ramzan-ul-mubarak ke shuru me Ramzan ke tamam rozon ki ikatthi (ek saath) niyyat ki ja sakti hai?
Jawaab: Ramzan-ul-mubarak ke har roze ke liye nayi
niyyat zaroori hai. Pahli tarikh ya kisi bhi aur tarikh me
agar poore mahe Ramzan ke roze ki niyyat kar bhi li to
yeh niyyat sirf usi ek din ke haq me hai baaqi dinon ke
liye nahi. (Jauhara-tun-Neerah, Kitaabus-Saum, safa 176)
Sawaal: Agar kayi(yani aik se zyada) roze qaza hogaye hain to niyyat kaise ki jayegi?
Jawaab: Kayi roze qaza ho to niyyat me ye hona chahiye
ke uss Ramzan ke pehlay roze ki qaza, doosray ki qaza
aur agar kuch iss saal ke qaza hogaye kuch pichle saal
ke baaqi hain to yeh niyyat honi chahiye ke iss Ramzan
ki qaza aur uss Ramzan ki qaza aur agar din ko Muayyan
(yani fixed) na kiya, jab bhi ho jayengi. (Fataawaa Hindiyah,
Kitaabus-Saum, Baabul-awwal, jild 1, safa 196)
Makruhaat-e-Roza
Sawaal: Roze ke makroohaat bayaan karden?
Jawaab: Roze ke darj zail(Following) makroohaat hain:
1) Jhoot, chugali, ghibat, gaali dena, behooda baat,
kisi ko takleef dena ke ye cheezen waise bhi naajaaiz wa haraam hain roza me aur zyada haraam aur inki
wajah se roza me karaahat aati hai. (Bahaare Shari’at, jild 1, hissa 5, safa 996)
2) Rozadaar ko bila-uzr(yani baghair kisi majboori
ke) kisi cheez ka chakhna ya chabaana makrooh hai.
Chakhne ke liye uzr ye hai ke mas-lan aurat ka
shohar ya baandi ghulam ka aaqa bad-mizaaj(yani
gussa karne wala) hai ke namak kam wa besh (yani
kam ya zyada) hoga to uski naraazagi ka baais(yani
zarya) hoga iss wajah se chakhne me koi harj nahi,
chabaane ke liye ye uzr hai ke itna chota bachcha hai
ke roti nahi kha sakta aur koi naram ghiza nahi jo
usay khilaayi jaaye, na haiz wa nifaas wali ya koi aur
be roza aisa hai jo usay chabaa kar de, to bachche
ko khilaane ke liye roti waghairah chabana makrooh nahi. (Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe-Maa-yafsadus-saum-wa-maalaa-yafsadah, jild 3, safa 453)
Note: Chakhne(yani taste karna) ke wo mana nahi jo
aaj kal aam muhawra hai yani kisi cheez ka maza
daryaaft(yani pta) karne ke liye usme se thoda kha lena
ke yun ho to karaahat kaisi roza hi jaata rahegaa, balke
kaffaara ke shara’ait paaye jaaye to kaffaara bhi laazim
hoga. Balke chakhne se muraad ye hai ke zabaan par
rakh kar maza daryaaft kar lyn aur usay thook den isme
se halq me kuch na jaane paaye. (Bahaare Shari’at, jild 1, hissa 5, safa 996,997)
3) Aurat(yani wife) ka bosa lena(yani choomana)
aur gale lagana aur badan choona makrooh hai jab
ke yah andesha ho ke inzaal ho jayega(yani
mani[semen] nikal jayega) ya jima’a(yani hambistari)
me mubtilaa hoga(yani mashghool ho jayega) aur
hont(yani Lips) aur zabaan choosna roza me
mutlaqan (Inzaal ya jima’a hone ka darr ho ya naaho)
makrooh hai. Yoon hi mubasharat faahesha. (Raddul
Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe-Maa-yafsadus-saum-wa-maa-laa-yafsadah, jild 3, safa 454)
4) Fasad khilwaana, pachhne lagawaana(yani
Hijama karna) makrooh nahi jab ke zoaf (yani
kamzori) ka andesha na ho aur andesha ho to
makrooh hai, usay chahiye ke ghuroob tak
moakhkhar kare. (yani sooraj ke doobne tak ruk jaye)
(Fatawa Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baabus-salas, Fee-maa-yakrahul-lil-saa-im,
wa-maa-laa-yakrah, jild 1, safa 199,200)
5) Rozadaar ke liye kulli karne aur naak me pani
chadhane me mubaalgha karna(yani Khoob uper tak
pani chadhana) makrooh hai. Kulli me mubaalgha ke
ye ma’na hai ke munh bhar pani le. (Fatawa Hindiyah, KitaabusSaum, Al-Baabus-salas, Fee-maa-yakrahul-lil-saa-im, wa-maa-laa-yakrah, jild 1, safa 199)
6) Rozadaar ko istinje me mubaalgha karna bhi
makrooh hai. (Fatawa Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baabus-salas, Fee-maayakrahul-lil-saa-im, wa-maa-laa-yakrah, jild 1, safa 199)
Yani aur dinon me hukm ye hai ke istinja karne me
niche ko zor diya jaaye aur roza me ye makrooh hai.
(Bahaare-Shari’at, jild 1, hissa 5, safa 998)
7) Munh me thook ikhatta karke nigal jaana bigair
roza ke bhi naa pasand hai aur roza me makrooh.
(Fatawa Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baabus-salas, Fee-maa-yakrahul-lil-saa-im, wa-maa-laa-yakrah, jild 1, safa 199)
8) Ramzan ke dinon me aisa kaam karna jaa-iz nahi,
jis se aisa zoa’f(yani kamzori) aajaaye ke roza todne
ka zanne ghalib (yani yaqeen) ho. Lihaza
naanbai(yani Roti bane wala) ko chahiye ke dopahar
tak roti pakaaye phir baaqi din aaraam kare. Yahi
hukm memaar(yani construction ka kaam karne wala
mistiri) aur mazadoor aur mushaqqat(yani mahnat)
ke kaam karne waalo ka hai ke zyada zoa’f ka
andesha ho to kaam me kami karden ke roza adaa
kar saken. (Bahaare-Shari’at, jild 1, hissa 5, safa 998)
9) Sahri khana aur usme taakhir(dyr, delay) karna
mustahab hai, magar itni taakhir makrooh hai ke
subah ho jaane ka shak ho jaaye. (Fatawa Hindiyah, KitaabusSaum, Al-Baabus-salas, Fee-maa-yakrahul-lil-saa-im, wa-maa-laa-yakrah, jild 1,
safa 200)
10) Iftaar me jaldi karna mustahab hai, magar iftaar
uss waqt kare ke ghuroob(yani sunset) ka ghalib
gumaan (yani yaqeen) ho, jab tak gumaan
ghalib(yani yaqeen) na ho iftaar na kare, agarche
muazzin ne azaan kah di hai aur abar ke dinon(yani
jab aasman pr badal laga ho unn dino) me iftaar me
jaldi na chahiye. (Radde Mukhtar, Kitaabus-Saum, baabe maa-yafsaduss-saum wa maa-laa-yafsadaa, jild 3, safa 459)
Sawaal: Kya roze ki halat me gulab ya mushk waghaira soonghna, daadhi, moonch me tayl (oil) lagana ya surma lagaana makrooh hai?
Jawaab: Gulaab ya mushk waghaira soonghna daadhi
moonch me tayl lagana makrooh nahi, magar jabke
zeenat(yani fashion) ke liye surma lagaaya ya isliye tayl
lagaya ke daadhi badh jaaye, halaanke(aysa hai ke) aik
musht (yani ek mutthi) daadhi hai to ye dono baaten
bigair roza ke bhi makrooh hain aur roza me ba-darja
aulaa(yani aur zyada makrooh hai). (Al-Durre-Mukhtaar, KitaabusSaum, Baabe-maa-yafsadus-saum-wa-maa-laa-yafsadah, jild 3, safa 455)
Sawaal: Kya roze ki halat me miswak karna makrooh hai?
Jawaab: Roza me miswak karna makrooh nahi, balke
jaisay aur dinon me sunnat hai waisay roza me bhi
masnoon hai. Miswak khushk (sookha) ho ya tar(
bheega) agarche pani se tar ki ho, zawaal se pahle kare
ya baad kisi waqt makrooh nahi. (Al-Bahrur-Raa-iq, Kitaabus-Saum,
Baabe-maa-yafsadus-saum-wa-maa-laa-yafsadah, jild 2, safa 491)
Aksar logon me mashhoor hai ke dopahar ke baad
rozadaar ke liye miswaak karna makrooh hai, yeh
hamaare mazhab(yani Hanafi Mazhab) ke khilaaf hai.
(Bahaare-Shari’at, jild 1, hissa 5, safa 997)
Larka(Boy) baaligh kab hota hai?
Larke ko jab inzaal hogaya woh baaligh hai woh kisi tarah ho sotay
me ho jis ko ethlaam(yani nightfall) kehte hain ya baydaari(yani Jaagte)
ki haalat me ho aur inzaal na ho to jab tal iski Umr(yani age) pandrah(15)
saal ki nah ho baaligh nahi jab pooray pandrah(15) saal ka hogaya to ab
baaligh hai alamaate balogh(yani baligh hone ka symbol) paye jayen ya
nah paye jayen, Larke ke balogh(yani baligh hone) ke liye kam se kam jo
muddat(yani waqt) hai woh baara saal ki hai yani agar is muddat se qabal
woh apne ko baaligh betaye is ka qoul(yani kahna) mooatbar(yani valid)
nah hoga. Larke ki umr 12 saal ki ho aur woh apne ko baaligh
batatay hain agar Zahir haal unki takzib(Contradict, jhutlata) nah
karta ho aur unke hum Umar(yani saathi) baaligh hon to un ki
baat maan li jaye gi.(Bahare Shariat, Vol-15,page-203, Maktabatul Madina,
Karachi)
Yaad rahe Larke ka Baligh hote hi uspar Shariat ke Ahkaam
lagu ho jaate hai, uspar Namaz Padhna, Roza rakhna aur Doosre
Fazraiz o Wajibat ko ada karna lazim aur zaruri hojata hai.
Roza Todne Wali Cheezon ka Bayan
Sawaal:Roze ko todne wali cheezen kaun si hain?
Jawaab:Roze todne wali cheezon me kuch darj zail
hain(are as below):
1) Khane peene ya hambistari karne se roza jaata
rehta hai jabke rozadaar hona yaad ho. (Bahare shari’at,
hissa 5, safa 985)
2) Hukkah, Sigaar, Cigarette waghaira pinay se bhi
roza jata rehta hai. Agarche apne khayaal me halaq
tak dhuwaan na pahuncha ho. (Bahare shari’at, hissa 5, safa 986)
3) Paan ya sirf tobacco khane se bhi roza jata rahega
agarche aap baar baar iski peek thookte rahen.
Kyun ke halaq me iske baarik ajza (very tiny parts)
zaroor pahunchte hain. (Bahare shari’at, hissa 5, safa 986)
4) Shakkar(sugar) waghaira aysi cheez jo munh me
rakhne se Ghul jaati hain munh me rakhi aur thook
nigal gaye roza jaata raha. (Bahare shari’at, hissa 5, safa 986)
5) Daanton ke darmiyan (beech) koi cheez chane
(grams) ke barabar ya zyada thi usay kha gaye ya
kam hi thi magar munh se nikaal kar phir khaali to roza toot gaya. (Durre-Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, jild 3, safa 422)
6) Daanton se khoon nikal kar halaq se niche utra aur
khoon thook se zyada ya barabar ya kam tha
magar iska maza halaq me mehsoos hua to roza
jaata raha aur agar kam tha aur maza bhi halaq me
mehsoos na hua to roza na gaya. (Durre-Mukhtaar,
Kitaabus-Saum, jild 3, safa 422)
7) Roza yaad rahne ke bawajood huqana liya(yani
piche ke maqam se dawa dakhil kiya). Ya naak ke
nathnon se dawa chadhayi roza jaata raha. (Al-Fatawaul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baabul-Raabia-fimaa-yafsad-wa-maa-laayafsad, jild 1, safa 204)
8) Kulli kar rahe thay bila-qasd(baghair irada ke, khud
ba khud) pani halaq se utar gaya ya naak me pani
chadhaya aur dimaag me chadh gaya roza jaata
raha magar jab ke rozadaar hona bhool gaya ho to
na tootega agarche qasdan (jaan boojh kar) ho.
Yunhi rozedaar ki taraf kisi ne koi cheez phenki wo
uske halaq me chali gayi to roza jaata raha. (Al-Fatawaul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, al-baabul-raabia-fimaa-yafsad-w-maa-laa-yafsad,
jild 1, safa 202)
9) Sotay me (yani neend ki halat me) pani pi liya ya
kuch kha liyaa, ya munh khulaa tha, pani ka qatra
ya baarish ka aulaa (barf ka gola) halaq me chala
gaya to roza jaata raha. (Al-Fatawa-ul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum,
Al-Baabul-Raabi’a-fimaa-yafsad-wa-maa-laa-yafsad, jild 1, safa 202)
10) Doosre ka thook nigal liya ya apna hi thook hath
me lekar nigal liya to roza jaata raha. (Al-Fatawa-ulHindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, al-baabul-raabiax-fimaa-yafsad-w-maa-laa-yafsad,
jild 1, safa 203)
Note: Jab tak thook ya balgham munh ke andar maujood ho usay nigal jaane se roza nahi jaata, baar
baar thookte rahna zaroori nahi.
11) Aansoo munh me chala gaya aur aap usay nigal
gaye. Agar qatra do qatra hai to roza na gaya aur
zyada tha ke uski namkeeni poore munh me
mahsoos huyi to (roza) jaata raha. Pasina ka bhi
yahi hukm hai. (Al-Fatawa-ul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baaburraabi’a-fi-maa-yafsad-wa-maa-laa-yafsad, jild 1, safa 203)
12) Pakhana(stool nikalne) ka maqaam bahar nikal
aaya to ye hukm hai ke khoob acchi tarah kisi
kapde(cloth) waghaira se ponch kar uthe taake
tari(bheegapan) baaqi na rahe. Agar kuch pani
usme baaqi tha aur khade ho gaye jiski wajah se
pani andar chala gaya to roza faasid ho gaya. isi
wajah se fuqa-haye kiraam Rahimahumullaahu
Ta’ala farmaate hain ke rozadaar istinja karne me
saans(breath) na lyn. (Al-Fatawa-ul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, AlBaabul-raabi’a-fi-maa-yafsad-wa-maa-laa-yafsad, jild 1, safa 204)
Sawaal: Roza me qai(ulti) hone se kab roza tutega?
Jawaab: Agar roza yaad hone ke bawujood qasdan qai
ki aur agar wo munh bhar hai to ab roza toot jayega, basharte(iss shart pr) ke qai khane, pani, safraa (kadwe
pani) ya khoon ki ho. (Al-Fatawa-ul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baabulraabi’a-fi-maa-yafsad-wa-maa-laa-yafsad, jild 1, safa 204)
Yaad rahe ke.
❖ Roza me khud-ba-khud kitni hi qai(ulti) ho jaye
(khuwah[chahe] balti hi kyun na bhar jaye) isse
roze nahi tootega.
❖ Qasdan munh bhar hone wali qai se bhi iss surat
me roza tootega jabke qai me khana ya pani ya
safraa (yani kadwa pani) ya khoon aaye. Agar qai
me sirf balghm nikla to roza nahi tootega.
❖ Qasdan qai ki magar thodi si aayi, munh bhar na
aayi to ab bhi roza na toota.
❖ Munh bhar se kam qai huwi aur munh hi se dubara
laut gayi ya khud hi lauta di, inn donon
suraton(condition) me roza nahi tootega. Munh
bhar qai bila-ikhtiyaar(baghair qabu ke) ho gayii to
roza to na toota albatta agar iss me se ek chane ke
baraabar bhi wapas lauta di to roza toot jayega.
Aur ek chane se kam ho to roza na toota. (Al-DurrulMukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baab-maa-yafsadul-saum-w-maa-laa-yafsadah, jild
3, safa 450)
Sawaal: Munh bhar qai ki taarif kya hai?
Jawaab: Munh bhar qai ke ma’na ye hain, isay bilatakalluf(yani bagair pareshaani ke) na roka ja sake. (AlFatawa-ul-hindiyah, Kitaabut-Tiharah, Al-Baabul-Awwal-fil-wudu, Al-Faslul-khamas, jild
1, safa 11)
Allah ke Rasool aur Aakhri Nabi Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa
Sal lal lahu alayhi wa Aalehi wasallam ne irshaad farmaya
Ramzan ke khane peene ka koi Hisaab nahi.
(Tafseer-e-Naeemi, Jild 2, Bahawala Faizan e Ramzan Page 14)
Roza nahi todnay wali cheezen
Sawaal: Baaz(kuch) woh cheezen bhi bayan kardyn
jinse roza nahi tootta.
Jawaab: Darj zail(following) suraton(condition) me roza
nahi tootta:
1) Bhool kar khaya ya peeya, ya jima’a kiya roza
faasid na hua khuwah(yani chahe) woh roza farz ho
ya Nafl. (Al-Durre Mukhtaar wa Radde Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maayafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-yafsadah, jild 3, safa 419)
2) Roza yaad honay ke bawajood bhi makkhi ya
Ghubaar (yani dust) ya dhuwan halaq me chale
jaane se roza nahi toot-ta, Khuwah(yani chahe)
ghubaar Attay (flour) ka ho jo chakki peesnay ya
Aata channay me udta hai ya ghallah(yani anaaj) ka
ghubaar ho ya hawa se khak(yani dhool, mitti) udi
ya jaanwaron ke khur ya taap se. (Al Durre Mukhtaar wa Radde
mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-yafsad-uss-saum wa maa-laa-yafsadaa,jild
3,safa 420)
3) Agarbatti sulag(yani jal) rahi hai aur uska
dhuwan naak me gaya to roza nahi tootega. Haan
agar Lubaan ya Agarbatti sulag rahi ho aur roza
yaad hone ke bawajood munh qareeb le jaa kar uska
dhuwan naak se khincha to roza faasid ho
jayega(yani toot jayega). (Al Durre Mukhtaar wa Radde Mukhtaar,
Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-yafsudus-saum wa maa-laa-yafsadaa, jild 3,safa 420)
4) Pachne(yani Hijama) lagwaye, ya tail, ya surma lagaya to roza na gaya agarche tail ya surma ka
maza halaq me mehsoos hota ho, balkay thook me surma ka rang bhi dikhayii deta ho jab bhi roza nahi
tootta. (Al Jauhrat-un -neerah, Kitaabus-Saum, safa 179)
5) Ghusl kiya aur pani ki khunki(yani thandak) andar
mehsoos huyi jab bhi roza nahi toota. (Al Durre Mukhtaar,
Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
6) Kulli ki, aur pani bilkul phenk diya sirf kuch tari
(bheegapan ) munh me baaqi reh gayi to thook ke saath usay nigal liya, roza nahi toota. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
7) Dawa kooti (dawa banaya) aur halaq me iska
maza mehsoos hua roza nahi toota. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
8) Kaan me paani chala gaya jab bhi roza nahi toota balke khud paani dala jab bhi nah toota. (Al Durre
Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
[Note:Agar kisi ke kaan ka Chadra(Ear Drum) phata
hoto paani daalne se Roza fasid jaayega]
9) Daant ya munh me khafeef(yani maamuli) cheez
be-maalum[unknown] si reh gayi ke luaab(thook) ke
saath khud hi [halaq se niche]utar jaayegi aur woh
utar gayi, roza nahi toota. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum,
Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
10) Daanton se khoon nikal kar halaq tak pahuncha
magar halaq se niche na utra to roza na gaya. (Al Durre
Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild
3, safa 421)
11) Makkhi halaq me chali gayi roza na gaya aur
qasdan (yani jaan boojh kar) nigli to (roza) chala
gaya. (Al-Fatawa-ul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baabur-raabi’a-fi-maayafsad-wa-maa-laa-yafsad, jild 1, safa 203)
12) Bhoole se khana kha rahe thay, yaad aate hi
luqmah phenk diya ya pani pii rahe thay yaad aate
hi munh ka pani phenk diya to roza nah gaya agar
munh me ka luqmah ya pani yaad aane ke bawajood
nigal gaye to roza(toot) gaya. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, KitaabusSaum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
13) Subh-e-Saadiq(yani Sahri ka time khatm hone)
se pehle kha ya pi rahe thay aur subh hote hi (yani
sehri ka waqt khatm hote hi) munh mein ka sab kuch
ugal diya to roza nah gaya, aur agar nigal liya to
(roza)jaata raha. (Al-Fatawa-ul-Hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baaburraabi’a-fi-maa-yafsad-wa-maa-laa-yafsad, jild 1, safa 203)
14) Gheebat[yani peeth piche kisi ki aiyb(yani buraai)
bayaan] ki to roza nah gaya. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum,
Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
Agarche gheebat sakht kabirah(yani bada)
gunah hai. Gheebat ki wajah se roza ki nooraniyat
jaati rehti hai. (Bahaare-Shari’at, hissa 5, safa 984)
15) Janabat (yani ghusl farz hone) ki halat me subh
ki balke agarche saare din Junub(yani Napaak) raha
roza na gaya. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadussaum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa 421)
Magar itni der tak qasdan (yani jaan boojh kar)
ghusl na karna ke namaz qaza ho jaye gunah o
haraam hai. Hadis Sharif me farmaya, jis ghar me
Junub(yani Napaak insaan) ho usme rehmat ke
farishtay nahi aate. (Bahaare-shari’at, hissa 5, safa 984)
16) Thook ya balgham munh me aaya phir usay nigal
gaye to roza nah gaya.
Sawaal: Kisi rozadaar ko bhool kar khata, pita dekhen to
kya hukm hai?
Jawaab: Kisi rozadaar ko in af’aal (kaam) me dekhen to
yaad dilana waajib hai. Haan agar rozadaar bahut hi
kamzor ho, ke yaad dilanay par woh khana chor dega
jiski wajah se kamzori itni badh jayegi ke uske liye roza
rakhna hi dushwaar ho jayega aur agar khalega to roza
bhi acchi tarah poora karlega aur digar ibaadaten bhi
bakhoobi(ache tareeqe se) ada kar sakega (aur chunkay
bhool kar kha pi raha hai isliye uska roza to ho hi jayega)
lihaza iss surat(condition) me yaad na dilana hi behtar
hai baaz Mashaiykh-e-kiraam Rahamuhullah Alaih
farmate hain ‘’Jawan ko dekhe to yaad dila de aur bade
umr ke shakhs ko dekhe to yaad na dilane me harj nahi’
’. Magar yeh hukm aksar(yani aksar logon) ke lihaaz se
hai kyun ke jawaan aksar qawi(taaqatwar) hote hain aur
budhay aksar kamzor. Chunancha asal hukm yahi hai, ke
jawaani aur budhapay ko koi dakhl(consideration) nahi,
balkay quwwat wa zo’af (yani taaqat aur kamzori) ka
lihaaz(consider karna) hai lihaaza agar jawaan iss qadr
kamzor ho to yaad na dilanay me harj nahi aur budha
qawi(yani taaqatwar) ho to yaad dilana wajib hai. (Raddul
Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Baabe maa-Yafsadus-saum wa maa-laa-Yafsadah, jild 3, safa
420)
Allah ke Rasool aur Aakhri Nabi Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa
Sal lal lahu alayhi wa Aalehi wasallam ne irshaad farmaya
Jannat ki Kunji(Key) Namaz hai aur Namaz ki kunji(key) Taharat
hai. (Musnad Imam Ahmad Bin Hambal, Hadees paak – 14668)
“Ahkam e Taharat Course” me join hone ke liye iss link pr click karen
t.me/ahkametaharatcourse ya phir Telegram App pr “Ahkam e Taharat
Course” search karen, iss Channel me aapko Recorded Lecture aur
Roman Urdu me PDF mil jayenge.
Wo suratein jin me sirf qaza laazim
hote hain
Sawaal: Roza todne ki suraton me sirf qaza laazim
hogi?
Jawaab: Darj zail(following) suraton(conditions) me sirf
qaza laazim hogi:
1)Ye gumaan tha ke subah nahi huwi aur khaya, piya,
ya jima’a kiya baad me maalum hua ke subah saadiq
ho chuki thi to roza na hua, iss roza ki qaza karna
zaroori hai yani iss roze ke badle me aik roza rakhna
hoga. (Al-Durre Mukhtaar wa Radde Mukhtaar,Kitaab-uss-Saum,Baabe maayafsaduss-saum wa maa-laa-yafsadah,jild 3,safa 430)
2)Khane par sakht majboor kiya gaya yani ikraah-eshar’ii paaya gaya. Ab kyunke majboori hai, lihaza
khuwah apne haath se hi khaya ho sirf qaza laazim
hai. (Al-Durre Mukhtaar wa Radde Mukhtaar,Kitaabus-Saum,Baabe MaaYafsaduss-saum wa Maa-Laa-yafsadah,jild 3,safa 430)
Roza todne par ikraah-e-shar’ii ka matlab ke koi
qatl ya uzoo(organ) kaat daalne ya shadeed(yani
bahut zyada, intensly) maar lagaane ki sahih dhamki
dekar kahe ke roza tod daal, agar rozadaar ye
samjhe ke dhamki dene wala jo kuch keh raha hai
wo kar guzre ga(yani jaisa kah raha hai waisa kar
dega). To aisi surat(yani iss condition) me roza tod
daalne ki rukhsat (ijazat) hai magar baad me iss roze
ki qaza laazmi hai.
3)Bhool kar khaya, piya, ya jimaa kiya tha ya nazar
karne se inzaal hua tha ya ihtelaam hua ya Qai huyi
aur in sab suraton me ye gumaan kiya ke roza jaata
raha, ab qasdan(yani jaan boojh kar) kha liya to
qaza farz hai. (Al-Durre Mukhtaar wa Radde Mukhtaar,KitaabusSaum,Baabe Maa-Yafsaduss-saum wa Maa-Laa-Yafsadah,jild 3,safa 431)
4) Roza ki halat me naak me dawa chadhai to roza toot
gaya aur iski qaza laazim hai. (Durre Mukhtaar,jild 3,safa 376)
5)Patthar, kankar, (aisi) mitti (jo aam taur pr na khayi
jaati ho), ruyi, ghaas, kagaz waghaira aisi cheezen
khayen jinse log ghin(yani nafrat) karte hon. Inse bhi
roza to toot jayega magar sirf qaza karna hoga. (Al
Durre Mukhtaar,jild 3,safa 377)
6)Baarish ka pani ya Aulaa(yani barf ka gola) halq me
chala gaya to roza toot gaya aur qaza laazim hai. (Al
Durre Mukhtaar, jild 3, safa 378)
7)Bahut saara pasinaa ya aansu nigal liya to roza toot
gaya qaza karna hoga. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, jild 3, safa 378)
8)Gumaan(yani khayaal) kiya ke abhi to raat baaqi hai,
sahri khate rahe aur baad me pata chala ke sahri ka
waqt khatm ho chuka tha. Iss surat me bhi roza (toot)
gaya aur qaza karna hoga. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, jild 3, safa 380)
9)Isi tarah gumaan karke k suraj ghuroob ho chuka
hai. Kha-pi liya aur baad me maalum hua ke sooraj
nahi dooba tha jab bhi roza toot gaya aur qaza
karen. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, jild 3, safa 380)
10) Agar ghuroob-e-aaftaab(sunse) se pehle hi
sairan(siti) ki aawaaz goonj uthi ya Azaan-e-maghrib
shuru hogayi aur aapne roza iftaar kar liya aur phir
baad me maaloom hua ke sayran(siti) ya aazaan
waqt se pehle hi shuru ho gaye thay. Iss me aapka
qusoor ho ya na ho bahr-hal roza toot gaya isay
qaza karna hoga. (Al Durre Mukhtaar, jild 3, safa 383)
11) Wuzu kar rahe thay pani naak me daala aur dimaag
me chadh gaya ya halaq ke niche utar gaya,
rozadaar hona yaad tha to roza toot gaya aur qaza
laazim hai. Haan agar uss waqt rozadaar hona yaad
nahi tha to roza na gaya. (Aalamgiri, jild 1, safa 202)
Yaad rahe jin Suraton(yani conditions) me Roze ka
Qaza laazim aata hai unn suraton me Roze ka
Baqya(yani remaining) din Rozadaar ki trah rahna
Wajib hai agar Rozadaar ki trah nahi rahega to
gunahgaar hoga lekin Haiz wali aurat ko agar Roza ki
halat ke haiz start hogaya aur Beemaar Shakhs beemari
badh jaane ke khauf se Roza tod diya inn logon ke liye
uzr(majboori) sabit hai aur baqya din Rozadaar ki trah
Rahna wajib nahi bahtr hai k chup kar khaye.
Allah ke Rasool aur Aakhri Nabi Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa
Sal lal lahu alayhi wa Aalehi wasallam ne irshaad farmaya
Ramzan ke Mahine me ghar walo ke kharch me kushadgi
karo kyun ke Ramzan ke Mahine me kharch karna Allah
Ta’ala ki raah me kharch karne ki trah hai.
(Al-Jame Al-Saghir Safha 162, Hadees 2716)
Kaffaare ka Ahkaam
Sawaal: Roza todne ka kaffaara kya hai?
Jawaab: Roza todne ka kaffaara ye hai ke
1) Mumkin(yani Possible) ho to aik baandi ya
ghulam aazaad kare aur ye na kar sake maslan iske
paas na laundi, ghulam hai na itna maal ke
khareed sakay, ya maal to hai magar ghulam
muyassar nahi, jaisa ke aaj kal laundi ghulaam nahi
milte.
2) To ab paiy-dar-paiy (ek ke baad ek) saatth (60)
roze rakhe.
3) Ye bhi agar mumkin na ho to saatth (60)
miskinon(yani garibon) ko pait bhar donon waqt
khana khilaye ye zaroori hai ke jisko(yani jis
miskin ko) ek waqt khilaaya doosre waqt bhi usi
ko khilaaye.
4) Ye ho sakta hai ke saatth (60) masakin(miskin
ka plural) ko ek ek sadqa-e-fitr 2kg 45gram
gehoon(yani wheat) ya uski raqm(yani amout) ka
malik kar diya jaaye.
5) Ek hi miskin ko ikaththe(yani aik saath) saatth
(60) sadqaa-e-fitr nahi de sakte. Haan ye kar sakte
hain ke aik hi ko saatth (60) din tak rozana aik aik
sadqaa-e-fitr dayn.
6) Rozon ki soorat me (dauraane kaffaara) agar
darmiyaan me ek din ka bhi roza choot gaya to
phir naye sire(yani starting) se saatth (60) roza
rakhne honge, pehle ke roze shamil-e-hisaab(yani
hisaab me shamil) na honge agarcha[yani even]
unsatth (59) (roze) rakh chuka tha. Chahe bimaari
waghaira kisi bhi uzr(yani majburi) ke sabab(yani
wajah se)chuta ho.
7) Haan aurat ko agar haiz(Period) aajaaye to haiz
ki wajah se jitne naaghe hue(yani roze chute), ye
naaghe(roza ke kaffara me) shumaar(count) nahi
kiye jayenge. Yani [haiz se]pehle ke roze aur haiz
ke baad wale donon milkar saat (60) ho jaanayse
kaffaara ada ho jayega. (Radd-ul-muhtaar talkhissan, jild 3,safa 390)
Sawaal: Kaffaare ke kuch ahkam bayaan kar den .
Jawaab: Kaffaare ke kuch ahkam darj zail(following)
hain:
1)Ramzan-ul-mubaarak me kisi aaqil(yani aqal wala) ,
baalig, muqim(yani jo musaafir na ho) ne adaa-eroza Ramzan ki niyyat se roza rakha aur bigair kisi
sahih majboori ke jaan boojh kar jima’a kiya ya
karwaya, ya koi cheez lazzat(yani mazay) ke liye
khayi ya pii to roza toot gaya aur iski qaza aur
kaffaara donon laazim hai. (Radd-ul-muhtaar, jild 3,safa 388)
2)Jis jagah roza todne se kaffaara laazim aata hai,
usme shart ye hai ke raat hi se Ramzan-ulmubaarak ke roze ki niyyat ki ho. Agar din me niyyat
ki aur tod diya to kaffaara laazim nahi. Sirf qaza kafi
hai. (Al-Jauharatun-Neerah, jild 1, safa 180)
3)ihtilaam(yani neend ki halat me mani[semen]nikal
jaana, Nightfall) hua aur isay maaloom bhi tha ke
roza na gaya iske bawajood kha-pi liya to kaffaraa
laazim hai. (Radd-ul-muhtaar,jild 3,safa 375)
4)Apna luaab thook kar chaat liyaa. Ya doosre ka thook
nigal liya to kaffaara nahi magar mahboob ka Lazzat
ya muazzam-e-deeni(yani buzurg) ka tabarruk ke
taur par thook nigal liya to kaffaara laazim hai.
(Aalamgiri, jild 1, safa 203)
5)Kharbooza ya tarbooz ka chilka khayaa. Agar khushk
ho ya aisa ho ke log iske khane se ghin(yani nafrat)
karte hon, to kaffaara to nahi, warna [log ghin nahi
karte hon to kaffara] hai. (Alamgiri, jild 1, safa 202)
6)Kachcha(yani Raw) chawal, bajra, masoor, moong
khayi to kaffaara laazim nahi, yahi hukm kachche
jauw ka hai aur bhune huwe hon, to kaffaara laazim
hai. (Alamagiri, jild 1, safa 202)
7)Sahri ka niwaala munh me tha ke subhe-saadiq ho
gaya, ya bhool kar kha rahe thay, niwaala munh me
tha ke yaad aa gaya, phir bhi nigal liya to indonon
sooraton me kaffaara waajib aur agar niwaala munh
se nikal kar phir kha liya ho to sirf qaza waajib hogi
kaffaara nahi. (Alamgiri, jild 1, safa 203)
8)Agar do(2) roze tode to donon ke liye do(2) kaffaara
de agarche(yani iske bawajood k) pahle ka abhi
kaffaara adaa na kiya tha jabke(yani jab tak k) donon
do(2) Ramzan ke hon aur agar donon roze ek hi
Ramzan ke hon aur pahle ka kaffaara na adaa kiya
ho to ek hi kaffaara donon ke liye kafi hai. (Al-JauharatunNeerah, jild 1, safa 182)
9)Kaffaara laazim hone ke liye ye bhi zaroori hai ke
roza todne ke baad koi aisa amr(yani kaam)
waqe(yani zahir) na hua ho jo roza ke munafi(yani
khilaaf) hai ya bigair ikhtiyaar(yani khudse) aysa
amr(yani kaam) na paaya gaya ho jiski wajah se roza
todne ki rukhasat hoti mas-lan(for example) aurat ko
uss din haiz ya nifaas aaa gaya ya roza todne ke baad
usi din me aysa bimaar hua jis me roza na rakhne ki
ijaazat hai to kaffaara saaqit(yani muaaf) hai aur
safar se saaqit(yani muaaf) na hoga ke ye ikhtiyaari
amr(yani apne iraade[intension] se kiya hua kaam)
hai. (Al-Jauharatun -Neerah, jild 1, safa 181)
10) Jin sooraton me roza todne par kaffaara laazim
nahi unme shart(yani condition) hai ke ek baar aisa
hua ho aur masiyyat(yani naafarmaani) ka
qasd(iraadah) na kiya ho warna (naafarmani ke
iraade se roza ky khilaaf koi kaam kya to) unme
kaffaara dena hoga. (Al Durre-Mukhtaar wa Radd-ul-muhtaar, jild 3,
safa 440)
Larki(Girl) baaligha kab hoti hai?
Larki ka balogh(yani baligha hona) ethlaam se hota hai
ya hamal(yani pregnancy) se ya haiz se un teeno(3no) me se
jo baat bhi payi jaye to woh baaligh qarar payegi(yani ho
jaaye) aur inn mein se koi baat nah payii jaye to jab tak
pandrah(15) saal ki Umar nah ho jaye baaligh nahi aur kam se
kam is ka balogh nau(9) saal mein hoga is se kam Umar hai
aur apne ko baligha kehti ho to mooatbar(yani nahi. Larki ki
umr nau(9) saal ki ho aur woh apne ko baaligh batatay hain
agar Zahir haal unki takzib(contradict, jhutlata) nah karta ho
aur unke hmumr(yani saathi) baaligh hon to unki baat maan
lijaye gi.(Bahare Shariat, Vol-15,page-203, Maktabatul Madina, Karachi)
Yaad rahe Larke ka Baligh hote hi uspar Shariat ke
Ahkaam lagu ho jaate hai, uspar Namaz Padhna, Roza rakhna
aur Doosre Faraiz o wajibat ko ada karna lazim aur zaruri
hojata hai.
Roza nahi Rakhne ki ijaazat ki sooratain
Sawaal: Kin sooraton me roza na rakhne ki ijaazat hai?
Jawaab:
❶Safar
❷Aurat ko hamal(yani pregnent) hona
❸Bachche ko doodh pilaana
❹Mareez(yani bimaar)
hona
❺Sheikh faani(budha hona)
❻Khauf-e-Halaakat
❼Roza na rakhne par ikraah kiya gaya ho
❽Jihad
Ye sab roza na rakhne ke liye uzr(yani maburi) hain,
inn wujooh(yani reasons) se agar koi roza na rakhe to
gunahgaar nahi. (Al-Durrul-Mukhtaar wa Raddul-Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum,
Fasl-Fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 462)
Sawaal: Jis safar me roza na rakhne ki ijaazat hai, wo
kaunsa safar hai?
Jawaab: Safar se muraad Safar-e-sharaii hai yani itni dur
jaane ke irade(niyyat) se nikale ke yahan se wahan tak
teen din musaafat (92 kilometres) ho, agarche wo safar
kisi naajaa-iz kaam ke liye ho. (Al-Durrul-Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum,
Fasl-Fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 463)
Sawaal: Musaafir ko roza na rakhne ki ijaazat to hai, uske liye behtar kya hai, roza rakhna ya na-rakhna?
Jawaab: Khud uss musaafir ko aur uske saath waale ko
roza rakhne me zarar(yani nuqsan) na pahunche to roza
rakhna safar me behtar hai warna na-rakhna behtar hai.
(Al-Durrul-Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-Fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 465)
Sawaal: Hamal waali(yani pregnent) aur doodh pilaane
waali ko kab roza chodne ki ijazat hai?
Jawaab: Hamal waali aur doodh pilaane waali ko agar
apne jaan ya bachche(ki jaan) ka sahih andesha(yani
khauf) hai, to ijazat hai ke uss waqt roza na rakhe,
khuwah doodh pilaane waali bachche ki maa ho ya daaii
agar Ramzan me doodh pilaane ki naukari ki ho. (Al-DurrulMukhtaar wa Raddul-Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-Fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 463)
Sawaal: Marz(yani bimaari) ki wajah se roza chodne ki kab ijaazat hai?
Jawaab: Mareez(yani bimaar) ko marz badh jaane ya dyr
me accha hone ya tandurust ko bimaar ho jaane ka
gumaan ghalib(yani yaqeen) ho to usko ijaazat hai ke
uss din roza na rakhe. (Al-Durrul-Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-FilA’waarid, jild 3, safa 463)
Sawaal: Mareez ko ghalib gumaan(yani yaqeen) kab
hoga?
Jawaab: Ghalib gumaan ki teen sooraten(conditions)
hai:
❶(Uper jo condition bayan kiya gaya)Uski zaahir nishani
paayi jaati hai ya
❷Uss shakhs(yani aadmi) ka zaati
tajarbaa(personal experience) hai ya
❸Kisi Musalman
tabeebe haziq(yani Experienced Doctor) mastoor yani
ghair-e-faasiq(Nayk) ne uski khabar di ho. Aur agar na
koi alamat(symptom) ho na tajarbaa na iss qism(type) ke
tabeeb(Experienced Doctor) nay usay bataayaa, balke
kisi kafir ya faasiq(gunahgaar) tabeeb ke kahne se iftaar
kar liya to kaffaara laazim aayegaa. (Raddul-Mukhtaar, KitaabusSaum, Fasl-Fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 464)
Aaj kal ke aksar(yani zyada tar) atib-ba(yani Doctor)
agar kafir nahi faasiq zaroor hain aur na-sahi(aysa nahi)
to haziq tabeeb(yani experienced doctor) fi(iss)
zamaana(me) nayaab se(rare, bahot kam) ho rahe hain,
un logon ka kahna kuch qaabile aitebaar(yani bharosa
ke laiq) nahi na unke kahne par roza iftaar kiya jaaye. In
tabeebon(yani doctors) ko dekha jaata hai ke zara zara
si bimaari me roza ko mana kar dete hai, itni bhi tameez
nahi rakhte ke kis marz me roza muzir(yani nuqsaan
pahunchne wala) hai kis me nahi. (Bahaare-Shari’at, jild 1, hissa 5, safa
1003)
Sawaal: Halaakat)mar jaane) ke khauf se roza chodne ki ijaazat hai, iski kya soorat(condition) hogi?
Jawaab: Bhook aur piyaas aysi ho ke halaakat ka khauf
sahih ya nuqsaan-e-aqal(yani aqal ka Nuqsaan) ka
andesha(khauf) ho to roza na rakhe. (Al-Fatawa-ul-hindiyah,
Kitaabus-Saum, Al-baabul-khamas-fil-aa’zaar-ul-latee-tabeehul-iftaar, jild 1, safa 207)
Isi tarah saanp ne kaata aur jaan (jaane) ka
andesha(khauf) ho to roza tod de. (Raddul-Mukhtaar, KitaabusSaum, Fasl-fil-a’waarid, jild 3, safa 462)
Sawaal: ‘‘ikraah’’ ki soorat me roza chodne ki ijaazat hai, isse kya muraad hai?
Jawaab: Roza todne par majboor kiya gaya to usay
ikhtiyaar(ijaazat) hai(ke roza tod de) aur sabr kiya to
ajr(sawaab) milegaa. (Radd-ul-muhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-fil-A’waarid, jild
3, safa 462)
Sawaal: Sheikhe faani ko roza chodne ki ijaazat hai isse
kya muraad hai?
Jawaab: Sheikhe faani yani wo budha jiski umr aysi ho
gayi ke roz-ba-roz(yani aahista aahista, day by day)
kamzor hi hota jayega, jab roza rakhne se aajiz(yani
maayus, hopeless) ho yani na ab rakh sakta hai na
aayenda usme itni taaqat aane ki umeed hai ke roza rakh
sakega, usay roza na rakhne ki ijaazat hai aur har roza ke
badale me fidya yani donon waqt ek miskin(yani woh
shaks[mard wa aurat] jiske paas kuch na ho yahan tak k
khaane aur badan chupane ke liye muhtaaj hai aur iske liye
logon se sawal kare uss) ko bhar pait khana khilana uss par
waajib hai, yaa har roze ke badale me sadqa-e-fitr ki
miqdaar miskin ko dede. (Radd-ul-muhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-filA’waarid, jild 3, safa 471)
Agar aisa budha garmiyon me ba-wajah garmi ke
(yani garmi ki wajah se) roza nahi rakh sakta, magar
sardiyon me rakh sakega to ab iftaar karle aur unke
badle ke[Roze ko] sardiyon me rakhna farz hai. (Radd-ulmuhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-Fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 472)
Sawaal: Aurat ko dauraane roza(yani roza ke dauraan) haiz(yani Maahwaari, Period) aagaya, to kya hukm hai?
Jawaab: Aurat ko jab haiz wa nifas(yani woh khoon jo
aurat ke rahm[womb] se bachche ki paidaaish[delivery] ke
baad nikalta hai) aagaya to roza jaata raha aur haiz se
poore das(10) din-raat me paak huwi to bahrhaal [jis din
paak huwi uske] kal[yani next day] ka roza rakhe aur
[das(10) din-raat se] kam me paak huyi to agar subah
hone ko itna arsaa(yani waqt) hai ke naha kar(yani Ghusl
karke) khafeef sa (yani thoda sa) waqt bachega to bhi
roza rakhe aur agar nahakar faarigh(yani free) hone ke
waqt subah chamki(yani fajr ka waqt start ho gaya) to
roza nahi(hua). (Al-Fatawa-ul-hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-Baab-ul-khamas-filaa’zaar-ul-latee tabihul-iftaar, jild 1, safa 207)
Sawaal: Upar waali sooraton(conditions) me jo roze chode hain ya tode hain, kya unki qaza rakhni hai?
Jawaab: Jin logon ne inn uzron ke sabab(yani
majburiyon ki wajah se) roza choda ya todaa, unn pr farz
hai ke un rozon ki qaza rakhen aur un qaza rozon me
tarteeb)yani aik ke baad aik rakhna) farz nahi. Hukm ye
hai ke uzr(yani majburi) jaane ke baad doosre Ramzan
ke aane se pehle qaza rakhle, Hadees me farmaya: Jis
par aglay Ramzan ki qaza baaqi hai aur wo na rakhe uske
iss Ramzan ke roze qabool na honge.)Almusnad-Imam Ahmad bin
Hambal, Hadis 8629,jild 3, page 266)
Aur agar Roze na rakhe Aur dusra Ramzan aagaya to
ab pahle iss Ramzan ke roze rakhle, (aglay Ramzan ke)
qaza(roze) na-rakhe, balke agar ghair-e-mareez(yani jo
mareez nahi hai) wa(aur) Musaafir ne qaza ki niyyat ki
jab bhi(yani phir bhi) qaza nahi balke isi Ramzan ke roze
hain. (Al-Radd-ul-muhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-fil-A’waarid, jild 3, safa 465)
Sawaal: Agar ye log isi uzr(majburi) me mar(yani dead ho) gaye to kya hukm hai?
Jawaab: Agar ye log apne usi uzr me mar gaye, itna
mauqa na mila ke qaza rakhte to un par ye waajib nahi
ke fidiya ki wasiyyat kar jaaye phir bhi wasiyyat ki to
tihaayi maal(1/3rd) me jaari hogi aur agar itna mauqa
mila ke qaza roza rakh lete, magar na rakhe to wasiyyat
kar jaana waajib hai aur amdan(jaan boogh kar) na rakhe
hon to ba-darjaa-e-aolaa(yani oonche darja[level] ka)
wasiyyat karna waajib hai aur wasiyyat na ki(yani nahi
kiya), balke wali(yani mayyat ke ghar wale) ne apni taraf
se de diya to bhi jaa-iz hai magar wali par dena waajib
nahi tha. (Al-Fatawa-ul-hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-baab-ul-khamas-fil-aa’zaar-ullatee tabihul-iftaar, jild 1, safa 207)
Sawaal: Ek roze ka fidiya kitna hai?
Jawaab: Ek roze ka fidiya sadqa-e-fitr ki miqdaar(yani
amount) hai. (Radd-ul-muhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-fil-a’waarid, jild 3, safa 467)
Sawaal: Kisi ne nafl roza todaa to kya uski bhi qaza zaroori hai?
Jawaab: Nafl roza shuru karne se (usko poora
karna)laazim ho jaata hai ke (agar)todega to qaza waajib
hogi. Nafl roza qasdan(yani jaan boogh kar) nahi todaa
balke bila ikhtiyaar(yani khud se) toot gaya, maslan
asna-e-roza(yani roza ke darmiyan) me haiz aa gaya, jab
bhi qaza waajib hai. (Durre Mukhtaar, Kitaabus-Saum, Fasl-fil-a’waarid, jild 3,
safa 465)
Sawaal: Nafl roza rakhkar todna kaisa?
Jawaab: Nafl roza bila-uzr(yani bagair kisi majburi ke)
tod dena naajaa-iz hai. (Al-Fatawa-ul-hindiyah, Kitaabus-Saum, Al-baabul-khamas-fil-aa’zaar-ul-latee tabihul-iftaar, jild 1, safa 208)
Sawaal: Nafl roza todne ki kab ijaazat hai?
Jawaab: Mehmaan ke saath agar mezbaan na khayega
to usay naagawaar hoga(bura lagega) ya mehmaan agar
khana na khaye to mezbaan ko aaziyat(yani takleef) hogi
to nafl roza tod dene ke liye ye uzr(yani majburi) hai,
bashar taike(yani iss shart pr ke) ye bharosa ho ke iski
qaza rakh lega aur bshartaike (yani iss shart pr ke)
dahwah-e-kubra(yani Zuhar se pehl Zawaal) se pehle
tode baad ko nahi(toda). Zawaal ke baad maa baap ki
naraazi ke sabab(yani naraazi ki wajah se) tod sakta hai
aur isme bhi asr se pahle tak tod sakta hai asr ke baad
nahi tod sakta. (Al-Fatawa-ul-hindiyah, Kit14
aabus-Saum, Al-baab-ul-khamas-fil-aa’zaar-ul-latee tabihul-iftaar, jild 1, safa 207)
[Farz Uloom Course, Page 338-366, Maktaba Bahar-e-Shariat, Data Darbar Market,
Lahore]